On November 26, 2019, the National Office of Intellectual Property issued Decision No. 5849/QD-SHTT on the grant of a Geographical Indication Registration Certificate No. 00078 for Cao Lanh mango products. Dong Thap Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Development is the organization managing this GI.
Cao Lanh mango has long been a familiar and prestigious brand for domestic and foreign consumers, as evidenced by the proverb “Which mango is as delicious as Cao Lanh mango”.
Cao Lanh mango is famous for its Cat Chu mango and Cat Mango.
Cat Chu mango (scientific name is Mangifera indica L) is a traditional mango variety in Dong Thap for generations. Legend has it that around the end of the 18th century, Lord Nguyen Anh, when taking refuge with his concubines and palace maids in Nha Man land (now in Tan Nhuan Dong commune, Chau Thanh district, Dong Thap province) enjoyed using this mango very much. . Therefore, the Cat Chu Cao Lanh mango variety is known as the “good horse” mango, fragrant and delicious.
Cao Lanh mango is short, round, and slightly protruded at the end of the fruit. According to the “old farmers tri Dien”, the reason for such a name is because the head of the mango fruit, where the stem is located, often “chucks” out like a person’s mouth is blowing fire to build a furnace. Some people also think that it is called Cat Chu mango because the color of the flesh and the skin is slightly red when ripe (chusa). The flesh of Cao Lanh mango is thick, with high firmness, the flesh is smooth, slightly chewy and low in fiber, with a mild sweet taste mixed with a slightly sour taste and a characteristic mild aroma. Sensory characteristics of Cao Lanh mango are specified through quality criteria: fruit height from 105 to 135mm, fruit diameter from 70 to 90mm, peel thickness from 0.8 to 1.4mm, weight The fruit weight is from 280 – 455g, the percentage of fruit pulp is from 75 – 85%, the fruit has a Brix degree of 14 – 18%, an Acidity from 0.1 – 0.3%, a Brix/Acid ratio from 80 – 120, billion The fiber ratio is from 0.4 – 0.6%, the content of Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) is from 100 – 150mg/kg.
Compared with Cao Lanh Chu Cat Mango, Cao Lanh Sand Mango has an elongated shape. The fruit is round, clear at the waist, sharp apex, round gourd near the stem, thin skin and bright yellow when ripe, the surface of the peel is covered with fine white chalk, with tiny brown spots, the fruit flesh when ripe bright yellow color, thick fruit flesh, high firmness, smooth, flexible, low water, low fiber, sweet fruit taste, characteristic mild aroma.
Sand mango grown in Cao Lanh is actually a sand mango variety in Hoa Loc, Tien Giang. Around the 60s of the twentieth century, with a geographical location adjacent to Cai Be district, Tien Giang province, the sand mango variety in Hoa Loc was brought to the local cultivation by Cao Lanh farmers and increasingly popularized. wide.
Cao Lanh sand mango has fruit height from 120-162mm, fruit diameter from 75-92mm, fruit skin thickness from 0.8-1.3mm, fruit weight from 365-580g, fruit pulp ratio 75-87% , Brix degree from 17 – 22%, Acidity from 0.02 – 0.4%, Brix/Acid ratio from 150 – 200, fiber ratio from 0.5 – 0.7%, Ascorbic Acid content from 200-350mg/kg.
The specific characteristics and quality of Cao Lanh mango mentioned above are due to the relationship between natural geographical conditions and cultivation techniques of gardeners in Cao Lanh.
In terms of natural geographical conditions, the Cao Lanh mango growing area is located in a tropical monsoon climate with an average annual total of 2,398.6 hours of sunshine, annual average temperature of 27.10C, and relative humidity. the annual average air is 83%, the terrain is relatively flat, sloping in the direction of Northwest – Southeast, the altitude is from 1.0 – 1.4 m above sea level. This topographical and climatic feature is very suitable for the growth and development of mango trees, and also creates favorable conditions for farmers to apply techniques to handle off-season flowering, helping gardeners to harvest. many cases a year.
Mango production is strongly correlated with rainfall. According to the favorable season (natural flowering plants), the tree will start flowering from January to February and this time to ensure a high flowering and fruiting rate, the content of biochemical substances in the mango fruit is kept as low as possible. Mango trees need a low amount of rain and air humidity to increase pollen vigor and limit pests and diseases. This period coincides with the dry season in Cao Lanh with rainfall accounting for just over 10% of the annual rainfall, the average humidity in January is 82%, February is 81% and the lowest in March is 79%. . From May to November, the mango tree needs a lot of water for the accumulation of juice, sugar, acid and vitamin C (ascorbic acid), in Cao Lanh it is also the rainy season, with rainfall accounting for nearly 90% of the annual rainfall.
Cao Lanh also has an interlaced system of rivers, streams, canals and canals, many large ponds and lakes, which are also extremely favorable conditions for irrigation. In particular, the presence of Tien River, a large river of the Mekong Delta, has created for the geographical area a sub-climate and soil that is very suitable for mango trees.
Mango trees in Cao Lanh are grown mainly on alluvial soils, alkaline soils, and man-made soils. Soil has a high total potassium content, ranging from 1.66 to 2.92% (compared to 0.94% of Hoa Loc sand mango soil).
Besides the suitable and specific natural factors, the experience and traditional farming techniques of local people also create the unique characteristics of Cao Lanh mango products.
Cao Lanh mango growing area has low terrain, so the soil is easily flooded during the rainy season. In addition, due to the uneven distribution of rainfall throughout the year, the soil is prone to water shortage in the dry season. Therefore, when setting up a mango orchard, the first thing that gardeners in Cao Lanh do is to cut ditches, build beds, and set up dikes. This is the traditional farming technique of the people in Cao Lanh. This technique will help to raise the topsoil, avoid waterlogging, prevent salinity and keep fresh water in the dry season, thereby minimizing limitations in terms of natural geographical conditions.
Through the cultivation process, Cao Lanh people have gathered experiences to create mangoes chosen by consumers such as using Cat Chu mango and Cat mango clones propagated by eye tower, multiplication asexually propagated by stem tower because with these seedlings, the mango will bear fruit (2-2.5 years) and will keep the good characteristics of the mother tree.
Also by farming experience, in addition to the favorable season, Cao Lanh people can regulate the output of mangoes supplied in the year thanks to the technique of handling off-season flowering. With the mango garden in the stable fruiting period, in addition to the favorable season, depending on the market demand forecast, gardeners in Cao Lanh will choose a time for some mango trees to flower off-season. Specifically, in a mango garden, the gardener will handle so that some plants flower from May to June (late crop), some plants flower from July to September (back season), some plants flower from July to September. The plant flowers from November to December (early crop). Cao Lanh people also pay great attention to fertilizing enough during the growth and development of the tree.
With its reputation, Cao Lanh mango is exported to many countries. Cao Lanh sand mangoes are not only of good quality, but also have a very nice appearance. The reason is that Cao Lanh people have carried out fruit wrapping when the fruit is small (about 30-35 days after fruit set), which helps to improve the color of the peel, increase the brightness of the peel, create a beautiful shine, reduce the color of the fruit. the cost of spraying pesticides, reducing the effect of chemical residues on the fruit.
Cao Lanh mango is only harvested when the mango is physiologically mature but not yet ripe. After fruiting, from 85 to 90 days to harvest Cat Chu mango, from 90 to 95 days to harvest sand mango. Harvest when the fruit has a density of 1.00 – 1.02, and the mango seeds are hard. The correct harvest of old ripeness will greatly determine the quality of Cao Lanh mangoes. Fruits with a density greater than 1.02 (fruits submerged in water) have similar aromas to those with a density of 1.00 – 1.02, but the flesh is soft, the flesh near the seeds is transparent, fibrous, sour and dark yellow in color, so it is not popular with consumers. In contrast, fruits with a density of 0.95 – 0.99 (fruit floating on the water) have poor quality, wrinkled skin and very sour because the fruit has not accumulated enough nutrients to enter the maturity stage. Physiologically, the ripening process occurs incompletely.
When the mango fruit has reached the harvest, people will proceed to harvest the fruit. After harvesting, the fruit will be preliminarily classified at the garden, cleaned of the peel, sorted at the purchasing facility, treated to kill pathogens, packed, transported and preserved.
Geographical area:
– Hoa An commune, Tan Thuan Dong commune, Tinh Thoi commune, Tan Thuan Tay commune, My Tra commune, My Tan commune, My Ngai commune, wards 6 and 11 of Cao Lanh city, Dong Thap province;
– My Xuong commune, My Hoi commune, Binh Hang Trung commune, Binh Hang Tay commune, My Long commune, My Hiep commune, Binh Thanh commune, An Binh commune, My Tho commune and My Tho town in Cao Lanh district, Dong province Tower.
Source: TTTDCDDL
